Efficient recycling and pollution control of lithium power battery
Battery recycling, as the "last kilometer" of battery industry development, is of great significance to ensure the efficient utilization of resources and sustainable development. Retired batteries not only contain high-value key metals, but also involve environmental and safety issues, so they need to be defined as having the triple attributes of environment and safety.Battery recycling If these metals were to be dispersed away and no longer be a commodity, they would be classified as Class II heavy metals by national standards. In addition, the organic matter in the electrolyte contains substances such as phosphorus and fluorine, which are substances of environmental concern.
However, there are still many safety concerns when batteries are decommissioned and enter recycling plants. For example, it is difficult to achieve 100% discharge. In particular, aluminum foil,cylindrical cell assembly machine a highly reactive metal, can undergo an aluminothermic reaction, leading to further binding and oxidation of organic substances, thus exacerbating the safety risk. At present, most recycling enterprises are designed according to metallurgical standards, but in fact the recycling process belongs to the chemical process, and the metallurgical standards are not as concerned about safety as the chemical standards, which will also lead to problems with the choice of standards for the metallurgical enterprises in the production process, which will in turn lead to safety accidents. If the "last kilometer" of the lithium battery industry can be effectively solved, the entire battery industry will be able to achieve sustainable development, which will also contribute to the realization of a waste-free city and the goal of "double carbon". For example, the use of primary mineral resources can be greatly reduced through the recycling of secondary metals.
The battery industry faces a top-level design problem. First of all, the battery industry has been developed for a relatively short period of time, and issues involving safety are the responsibility of the emergency management department, resource issues are the concern of the industry and information technology department, and environmental issues are dealt with by the environmental department.battery making machine Once the dual problems of safety and environment arise, the environmental sector can not be responsible. Then who will be responsible? If these problems are not effectively managed, the development of the industry may be constrained in the future.
Secondly, data updating is also an important issue. Can accurate management be realized after batteries are retired and discarded? The current data recyclability and mining and analyzing ability of batteries are relatively poor. In terms of the recycling process, the development of the industry has driven technological progress, but technological progress has not led the industry. This is conducive to the fact that we don't need to follow the pace of foreign development like other industries, though, because our industry is developing faster than that of foreign countries. But in the process, the industry continues to develop while technology advances, but it is more of a contingency type. Transformative technology including future-oriented, integrated consideration of technology, economics, environmental multi-dimensional technology is not mature enough. For example, wastewater treatment issues, often this year focus on COD (chemical oxygen demand) on this issue, but there are other more problems such as high salt wastewater treatment and other issues need attention. If these problems are not solved, the technology is not a breakthrough, the future industry may produce other problems after a larger scale.
In addition, the process of battery recycling is long, the content of high-value elements in lithium iron phosphate is low, and the recycling process lacks economy. If management is not in place in the future, the problems faced in e-waste disposal will happen again in the battery recycling industry.
In order to solve these problems, we need to pay attention to the integration of the whole life cycle. During the battery application process, information collection is relatively easy, but when the development reaches a later stage, the value of different wastes is already low and comes from a wide range of sources. Therefore, how to carry out the best matching of diversified raw materials is an important issue. This requires the construction of an information platform that takes into account factors such as the recovery of resources, the maturity of the technology, the environmental friendliness of the technology, and carbon emissions. These factors are known as technologically accessible, economically feasible and market tolerable, which is the final choice of feasible technology route. After evaluating from different dimensions, we believe that for different types of wastes, we should not just extract the valuable part of them as it may cause other problems beyond the value of recycling. We should adopt an integrated assessment approach to support the management of the industry.
For the actual recycling process, a complex system requires not only breaking through a single technology, but also forming a system solution. For system solutions, we can propose the idea of establishing a dual internal and external cycle. For example, try to let the media circulate within the production company - industry standards are also very important in this process. At the same time, we should pay attention to the integration of the whole life cycle, starting from the battery materials to the recovery, laddering and recycling of the battery to form the technology and standard system of the whole system. At the same time to promote green manufacturing, low-carbon manufacturing, in the recycling process to adhere to low-carbon principles. Especially important is to create a standard system, because it involves resources, environment and safety and other departments, different departments need to work together. If there is no synergy, there may be "fights" in management in the future.
Related Hot Topic
Which three components are required to produce a battery?
A battery is a grouping of one or more cells that work together chemically to produce an electron flow within a circuit. An anode, or the "-" side of a battery, a cathode, or the "+" side, and an electrolyte, or material that reacts chemically with the anode and cathode, are the three main parts of all batteries.